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On 29 November 2023, the European Parliament and the Council of the EU reached a compromise on the proposed directive to protect journalists and human rights activists from abusive cross- border civil proceedings, known as strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs). The directive's aim is to enable judges to identify SLAPPs and order their early dismissal, and thus spare the journalists or activists targeted by such proceedings the need to defend the manifestly unfounded claim brought ...

Between 6 and 9 June 2024, the 10th European elections will take place in the 27 EU Member States, and around 366 million EU citizens will be called to the polling stations. The elections to the European Parliament represent a crucial moment in EU democracy: they give citizens a say in the EU's political direction. After declining ever since the first European elections in 1979, electoral turnout in the 2019 elections reached an unprecedented 50.6 % (up 8 percentage points compared with 2014). This ...

Sweden is a parliamentary democracy. This is embodied by the Swedish Riksdag, which consists of a single chamber with 349 members, elected for four years. It is also a constitutional monarchy with the King or Queen as head of state. He or she has no political power, however, and carries out only symbolic functions. The head of state opens the new parliamentary session each autumn and chairs the Advisory Council on Foreign Affairs. The government proposes legislation or amendments and implements Riksdag ...

Cette étude, commandée par le département thématique des droits des citoyens et des affaires constitutionnelles à la demande de la commission des affaires constitutionnelles (AFCO), se penche sur la participation des jeunes aux processus démocratiques, en accordant une attention particulière aux élections européennes. L’étude examine la signification de la participation politique pour les démocraties contemporaines et les dilemmes qui sous-tendent la participation et la représentation des jeunes. ...

The Czech Republic (Czechia) has a parliamentary system of government. The Czech Parliament consists of Poslanecká sněmovna (the Chamber of Deputies) and Senát (the Senate), both elected directly. It is considered an imperfect bicameral system, with the Chamber of Deputies able to overrule the Senate in most instances (Chapter II of the Czech Constitution adopted in 1992). Equal powers between the two chambers are limited to constitutional and electoral laws, the ratification of international agreements ...

This study forms part of a larger comparative law project which seeks to study the way that the principles of equality and non-discrimination have developed and are demonstrated in a broad range of legal systems around the world. The subject of this study is the principles of equality and non-discrimination in the United States federal legal system. It provides a brief history of the evolution of the principles of equality and non-discrimination developed in United States federal law and major events ...

One hundred years after women won the vote or were first elected to parliament in some EU countries, the data show that women continue to be under-represented in politics and public life, in the European Parliament, national parliaments and governments, and local assemblies. The arguments for gender balance in politics are numerous, and benefit not only women and female politicians, but also parties themselves and the rest of society. After all, women form half the population and need to be better ...

Experts agree that much depends on women being involved on an equal footing in political leadership, as well as corporate governance, conflict prevention, conflict resolution, and post-conflict power structures. In most societies around the world, women hold only a minority of decision-making positions in public and private institutions. Yet for the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women), women’s political participation is a fundamental prerequisite for ...

This paper, updated on an ad hoc basis by the Economic Governance Support Unit, provides an overview of the involvement of national parliaments in the preparations of the National Reform Programmes and Stability or Convergence Programmes based on information provided by the Member States in the respective programmes and supplementing information received from the representatives of national parliaments.

This study was commissioned and supervised by the European Parliament's Policy Department for Citizens' Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the AFCO Committee. European countries have started exploring e-participation as a way to regain citizens' trust and revitalise European democracy by developing a more responsive, transparent and participatory decision-making process. The main objectives of the study are to identify best practices in EU Member States, describe e-participation ...